We have a long list of biological pest and disease control and prevention materials at the later part of this paper for your guide, in case you decide to make your own botanical organic pesticides and fungicides.
Research found Marigold to repel or eliminate nematodes within a meter radius from the plant. The roots give off chemical diffusate that is toxic to nematodes. Many other plants and herbs have been found to have insecticide and fungicidal properties. You may follow theses simple steps in preparing organic pest and disease extracts for your garden use:
PREPARING YOUR OWN PESTICIDE
While so many farmers are complaining of the high and even increasing cost of commercial agricultural chemicals, they can make and prepare their own with cheaper and available materials they can secure in their community or even grow in their own farm. Among these are the following:
1. Lime sulfur powder as natural fungicide
a. Secure 1-kilo very fine lime and 1-kilo sulfur powder.
b. Mix at 1:1 ratio.
c. Add 1-gallon water.
d. Bottle and seal tightly.
e. Spray to plants for the control of fungal diseases of both garden and farm crops.
2. Water is a universal solvent and cleaning agent. Home gardens with good water supply, while watering their plants can wash them with pressure hose to remove insect pests, fungus and bacterial infections. This practice is even done to big trees with power sprayers. Spraying clean water can wash off mites, ants, spider mites, and even fungal infections and other insect pests. With this practice many home gardens never use toxic chemicals to spray their plants against pests and diseases.
3. Sea Water is one source of good fungicide and insect repellant as well as providing the plant with added trace mineral elements. However it may need dilution with fresh water to reduce its toxicity to plants specially those with thin leaves and sensitive tissues.
4. Soap or Detergent and water
o Dissolve two (2) ounces soap flake to thee (3) gallons of water.
o Bottle the stock solution, ready for spraying. Soap washings may be used.
o Dissolve three- (3) tbs. of soap flake/powder in one (1) gallon of water. Soap washing may also be used.
o Spray the plants with the stock solution against insect pest attacking your garden plants. The soap solution is effective control against mites, aphids, ants and other garden insect pest. It can also control fungal infection.
5. Soap and Kerosene
a. Buy soap and kerosene from your local store.
b. Mix ¼ cup soap water + ¼ tbs. of kerosene + one liter water. Stir the mixture to form stock solution.
o Place stock solution in bottle ready for use. Use this solution when infestation is serious. Adding Malathion insecticide will help increase killing potency.
o Spray plants for the control of garden pests such as aphids, ants, mealy bugs, mites and spider mites, etc.
6. Soap and Aromatic Herbs
a. Collect / gather / wash and clean 1 Onion, 1 Garlic, 1 tbs. Hot Pepper.
b. Chop / cut materials into small pieces. Use grinder.
c. Pound / grind the different materials to extract juice.
d. Filter the different materials separately.
e. To the filtered juice of different materials, add 1-quart water. Let it stand for one hour and add 1-tbs. liquid soap detergent. Place the mixture in tightly covered jars and store in a cool dark place for a week as stock solution.
f. Bottles stock solution ready for botanical pesticide. Spraying garden plants with botanical pesticide. This spray makes use of the repellant quality of onion, garlic and pepper. The soap serves as sticker and spreader.
7. Vinegar
a. Buy vinegar from your local dealer. Bottle the vinegar as stock solution.
b. Spray plants with vinegar (stock solution) for the control of powdery mildew and other fungal diseases. Vinegar and other acids is good material for fungus eradication.
8. Vinegar + Fermented Sugar
a. Buy vinegar and sugar (brown or moscovado) from your local dealer
b. Mix the fermented sugar and vinegar at 1:1 ratio and place in bottle as tock solution.
c. Spray to plants stock solution for control of pest and fungal diseases.
d. Adding water and soap can help spread the stock solution but could dilute the material to be less effective.
9. Vegetable oil
a. Buy vegetable oil from your local dealer. This serves as stock solution.
b. Add water and soap (1 part oil + 5 parts water + ½ part soap) and spray to plant to control spider mites and scale insects.
10. Wood Ash
a. We can control root maggots in radish, cabbage, onion and other brassicas by spreading fresh wood ash around the plant roots. Ashes are then covered lightly with soil.
b. Wood ash can also control snails, slugs and cutworms by encircling plants with 3-4 inches wide trench, 1-2 inches deep and fill the trench with ash.
c. Spraying cucumber beetle with a mixture of equal parts of wood ash, powdered line and soap is an effective control.
d. Spray wood ash with water and soap can control flea beetle of tomatoes.
11. Vinegar and vinegar with fermented oil
Vinegar
a. Buy vinegar from your local dealer. Bottle the vinegar as stock solution.
b. Spray plants with vinegar (stock solution) for the control of powdery mildew and other fungal diseases. Vinegar and other acids are good material for fungus eradication.
12. Vinegar + Fermented Sugar
a. Vinegar and sugar (brown or moscovado) from your local dealer
b. Mix the fermented sugar and vinegar at 1:1 ratio and place in bottle as tock solution.
c. Adding water and soap can help spread the stock solution but could dilute the material to be less effective.
d. Spray to plants stock solution for control of pest and fungal diseases.
12. Crude oil
a. Buy crude oil from your local gas station dealer.
b. Mix soap and water to form your stock solution. (100 grams powder soap + 1 liter crud oil + 1 liter water).
c. Mix to stock solution to 16 liters of water and spray to plants against scale insects, mite, aphids and other insect pest and fungus.
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continued to PART 5
Sumber : ORGANIC FARMING
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